Effect of autoclaving as a pre-treatment in the wet reduction process for extracting fish oil from yellowfin tuna heads

Various studies have focused on extracting fish oil using a variety of methods, yet, the wet reduction process is common industrial method as it environmentally friendly. However, use autoclaving in oils from or by-products are comparatively less. Therefore, this study was conducted to extract crude yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) head, lipids richest body part compared processing offcuts like skin, viscera etc., by simple an autoclave at 121°C pre-treatment with different holding times (15, 30, and 45 min). The maximum extraction yield 5.37±0.22 % recorded 30 min time autoclave. No significant changes peroxide value, moisture content colour values were observed for durations (P > 0.05). Conversely, acid p-anisidine value total oxidation (TOTOX) increased significantly longer duration < all values, TOTOX below standard stated World Health Organization (WHO) except which shows need refinery before any applications. Based spectra Attenuated reflectance - Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), resulted lower intensity wavenumbers around 3,012 3,013 1,741 1,744 cm−1 shifting bands showing its effect structural molecules oil. All extracted high PUFA than MUFA SFA contents based fatty composition. DHA (C22:6, n3) most prominent samples. reduced slightly increasing min. concludes minutes optimum conditions heads process.